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Researchers dig to unearth remnants of what is believed to have been a fortified gate guarding an entrance to the capital of the Western Zhou dynasty, near Hejia Village, China, on Dec 2, 2025.

Researchers dig to unearth remnants of what is believed to have been a fortified gate guarding an entrance to the capital of the Western Zhou dynasty.

PHOTO: QILAI SHEN/NYTIMES

Andrew Higgins

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HEJIA VILLAGE, China – Digging deep into a field in north-western China, archaeologists recently uncovered chariot tracks, plumbing and the remnants of an elaborate city gate dating back more than 3,000 years – all traces of an early Chinese dynasty that has been celebrated by Confucian scholars, and also by the Communist Party, as a model of political and social harmony.

The discoveries suggest that the area that is now farmland west of the city of Xi’an, in Shaanxi province, is part of the long-vanished capital of the Western Zhou, a dynasty exalted throughout Chinese history as the acme of good governance.

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